Investigating the Relationship between Metacognition and STREAM Education in Science: An Exploratory Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/16.1/810Keywords:
metacognition, STREAM education, science education, teacher training, prospective elementary school teachersAbstract
Metacognition and STREAM (Science, Technology, Reading, Engineering and Math) education are indisputable in today’s informational society for both personal and professional development. The current study aims to investigate the potential relationship between these two variables. Although there is not yet a substantial theoretical background that integrates both concepts into a coherent perspective, research on this topic can provide relevant insights on how to analyze and incorporate these concepts into a consistent theoretical and empirical paradigm. For this purpose, 3rd year students who are preparing themselves to become primary and preschool teachers participated in the study. They were given an online link to a self-reported measure of metacognition in science (the MAI scale) and an assessment task that measured how well they integrate STREAM knowledge with science-related topics. Data analysis revealed a significant relationship between metacognition and STREAM knowledge in science education. Moreover, it seems that metacognition is a significant predictor of STREAM knowledge. The results of this study are highly valuable in the context of the scarcity of research on this topic, being a starting point for the development of a theoretical perspective to explain the metacognition - STREAM education relationship.
References
Badmus, O.T., & Omosewo, E.O. (2020). Evolution of STEM, STEAM and STREAM education in Africa: the implications of the knowledge gap. International Journal of Research in STEM Education, 2(2), 99-106. https://doi.org/10.31098/ijrse.v2i2.227
Choy, S.C., Yim, J.S.C, & Tan, P.L. (2020). A metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive experience, and its effects on learning outcomes for STEM and non-STEM Malaysian students. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society, 2(1), 1-14. http://myjms.moe.gov.my/index.php/ijares
Ciascai, L., & Haiduc, L. (2014). Thinking metacognitively: Metacognitive skills and science performance. The New Educational Review, 37(3), 269-279. https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.14.37.3.21
Ciascai, L., & Zsoldos-Marchis, I. (2019). The opinion of primary and preschool pedagogy specialization students about the teaching approaches related with STEAM/STEAM/STREAM education. In L. G. Chova, A. L. Martinez & I. C. Torres (Eds.), ICERI2019 Proceedings 12th International Conference of Education, Research, and Innovation (pp. 7269-7275). IATED Academy. https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2019.1728
Coutinho, S., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Skowronski, J & Britt, A. (2005). Metacognition, need for cognition and use of explanations during ongoing learning and problem solving. Learning and Individual Differences, 15, 321 – 337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2005.06.001
Crippen, K. J., & Antonenko, P. D. (2017). Designing for collaborative problem solving in STEM cyberlearning. Innovations in Science Education and Technology, 89–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66659-4_5
Cseres-Gergelyne Blasko, Z., Pokropek, A., & Sikora, J. (2018). Science career plans of adolescents: patterns, trends, and gender divides. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2760/251627
Erskine, D. (2009). Effect of prompted reflection and metacognitive skill instruction on University Freshmen’s use of metacognition. [Doctoral dissertation, Brigham Young University]. BYU Scholars Archive. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2983&context=etd
Fifolt, M., & Searby, L. (2010). Mentoring in cooperative education and internships: preparing protégés for STEM professions. Journal of STEM education, 11(1&2). https://www.jstem.org/jstem/index.php/JSTEM/article/view/1515
Flavell, J.H. (1976). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34(10), 906–911. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.34.10.906
Freeman, R. (2006). Does globalization of the scientific/engineering workforce threaten US economic leadership? Innovation policy and the economy, 6, 123-157.
Frenkel, S. (2014). Metacognitive components in learning to learn approaches. International Journal of Psychology: A Biopsychosocial Approach, 14, 95-112. https://doi.org/10.7220/2345-024X.14.5
Gott, S., Lesgold, A., & Kane, R. (1996). Tutoring for transfer of technical competence. In B. Wilson (Ed.), Constructivist learning environments: Case studies in instructional design (pp. 33 – 48). Educational Technology Publications.
Hartman, H.J. (1998). Metacognition in teaching and learning: an introduction. Instructional Science, 26(1/2), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1003023628307
Holbrook, J., & Rannikmae, M. (2009). The meaning of Scientific Literacy. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 4(3), 275-288. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ884397.pdf
Jahangard, Z., Soltani, A., & Alinejad, M. (2016). Exploring the relationship between metacognition and attitudes towards science of senior secondary students through a structural equation modeling analysis. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 15(3), 340-349. https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/16.15.340
Kruger, J. & Dunning, D. (1999). Unskilled and unaware of it: How differences in recognizing one’s own incompetence led to inflated self-assessments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1121 – 1134.
Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(2), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
Laugksch, R. C. (2000). Scientific literacy: A conceptual overview. Science Education, 84(1), 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(200001)84:1<71::aid-sce6>3.0.co;2-c
Lefever-Davis, S., & Pearman, C.J. (2015). Reading, writing and relevancy: integrating 3R’s into STEM. The Open Communication Journal, 9(1), 61-64. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X01509010061
Mai, M. Y. (2015). Science teachers self perception about metacognition. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 5(1), 77-86. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2015.v5n1s1p77
Makrakis, V. (2018). From STEM to STEAM and to STREAM enabled through meaningful critical reflective learning. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Innovating STEM Education. 24-28 June, 2018, Deutsch School Athens. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346965218_From_STEM_to_STEAM_and_to_STREAM_enabled_through_meaningful_critical_reflective_learning
Mubarok, H., Safitri, N.S., & Adam, A.S. (2020). The novelty of religion and art: should we combine with STEM education? Studies in Philosophy of Science and Education, 1(3), 97-103. https://doi.org/10.46627/sipose.v1i3.51
Ogunkola, B. J. (2013). Scientific literacy: Conceptual overview, importance, and strategies for improvement. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 3(1), 265-274.
Pugliese, G. O., & Santos, V. D. (2022). The connections between the PISA and the STEM education movement in Brazil. Educação em Revista, 38. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-469835153T
Redcay, D. J. (2019). Redcay’s STEM-oscope model: Connecting STEM education, social robots, and metacognition. In N. Fezza (Ed.), Metacognition in learning (pp. 123-137). Intechopen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86842
Roungos, G., Kalloniatis, C., & Matsinos, Y. (2020). STEM education in Europe & the PISA test. Scientific Educational Journal, 8(3), 177-187.
Schraw, G., & Dennison, R. S. (1994). Assessing metacognitive awareness. Contemporary educational psychology, 19(4), 460-475. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1994.1033
Schraw, G., & Moshman, D. (1995). Metacognitive theories. Educational Psychology Review, 7, 351–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02212307
Schraw, G., Olafson, L., Weibel, M., & Sewing, D. (2012). Metacognitive knowledge and field-based science learning in an outdoor environmental education program. In A. Zohar A. & Y.J. Dori (Eds.). Metacognition in science education: Trends in current research, contemporary trends, and issues in science education (p. 57-78). Springer Science + Business Media B.V. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2132-6_4
Schuster, C., Stebner, F., Leutner, D., & Wirth, J. (2020). Transfer of metacognitive skills in self-regulated learning: an experimental training design. Metacognition and Learning, 15, 455-477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-020-09237
Shunk, D., & Ertmer, P. (2000). Self-regulation and academic learning: self-efficacy enhancing interventions. In M. Boekaerts, P. Pintrich & M. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 631 – 649). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012109890-2/50048-2
Stoeger, H., & Ziegler, A. (2011). Self-regulatory training through elementary school students’ homework completion. In B.J. Zimmerman and D.H. Shunck (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation of learning and performance (pp. 87 – 102), Routledge.
Vestal, S.S., Miller, M., & Browning, L. (2017). Metacognition across the STEM disciplines. In P.L. Daubenmire (Ed.), Metacognition in Chemistry education: connecting research and practice (pp. 17-30). American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2017-1269.ch002
Tsai, P. Y., Yang, T. T., She, H. C., & Chen, S. C. (2019). Leveraging college students’ scientific evidence-based reasoning performance with eye-tracking-supported metacognition. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 28(6), 613-627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-019-09791-x
Wangguway, Y., Kurniawati, S., Maylisa, I. N., Al Jabbar, Z. L., & Sulistiyono, B. (2020). The analysis of STEM-PjBL implementation and its effect on students’ metacognition skills in resolving social arithmetic problems. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 20(1563), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1563/1/012048
Wirzal, M. D. H., Halim, N. S. A., Md Nordin, N. A. H., & Bustam, M. A. (2022). Metacognition in science learning: bibliometric analysis of last two decades. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 6(1), 43-60. https://doi.org/10.36312/esaintika.v6i1.665
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors & LUMEN Publishing House

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant this journalright of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work, with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g. in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as an earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala Journal has an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
CC BY-NC-ND