Historical Types of Rationality and Irrationality in the Structure of Post-Modernist Consciousness

Abstract

Modern culture as part of social life reflects the processes and changes occurring in the environment and in the minds of people. In an industrialized society, one can identify a certain tendency, which is the tendency of modern culture to remythologize. However, it is worth noting that at the same time, an opposite trend arises, which is aimed at its complete destruction. Both trends were formed due to a new type of rationality - postmodern rationality with its plurality and relativism. Today, researchers explain postmodernism as an era not only of the development of social reality, but of consciousness. Along with this, a completely new perception of reality as chaos appears, where new patterns of organization and operation of today's reality are created. Human consciousness has its own mechanisms for streamlining experience. Such a mechanism, which consists in the sphere of consciousness, is rationality. The term “rationality” itself is interpreted as the ability of thinking to create a special world of ideal objects and transform it into an object of activity, guided by the principle of the identity of thinking and being. Within the framework of scientific rationality, one can distinguish between classical, non-classical and post-non-classical rationality of postmodernism. In the public mind in the twentieth century. a new type of rationality has emerged - the postmodern rationality, formed due to cultural changes, such as a crisis in the field of science, art, a crisis of the spiritual life of society, social development along the path of globalization.