DEFINITION AND PARTICULARITIES OF THE NOTARIAL ACT
Keywords:
Notarial act, civil legal act, authentic act, legal fact, Notary, authentication, document, probative force, enforceable force, civil legal relationship, consensuality principle.Abstract
The notarial act represents one of the most important categories of civil legal acts. The lack of a clear definition of the term "notarial act" and the complex legal nature of the notarial procedure have generated contradictory discussions in the specialized legal literature.Following the example of continental law, the Romanian law and Moldovan law are dominated by the great consensuality principle. Under this principle, notarial acts represent a variety of civil legal acts, and in practice these legal acts are deemed to have been concluded when the parties reach a willful agreement on all the essential clauses.
In Romania, the notarial act is defined mainly by the Law no.36/1995 on Notaries Public and notarial activity, while several regulations regarding notarial acts are found in the legislation of the Republic of Moldova. According to Moldovan legislation, the notarial act is the document drafted, signed and sealed by the notary, having public authority and the probative force prescribed by law. In this respect, the Law no.1453/2002 on Notarial activity and the Law no.69 /2016 on the organization of the activity of notaries ensure a comprehensive regulation of notarial acts in the Republic of Moldova.
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